Macam-macam Text

1. Caution

·       Definition : caution is a warning to the public about a possible danger.

·       Spesific character :

a.  Are warn of danger.

b.  Usually in public places.

c.  Usually use modal ( can/can’t, must/musn’t, could/couldn’t, etc ).

·       Purpose : to give a warning so that people do or not do something.

·       Example :

Fragile. Don’t drop.

 

2. Greeting Card

 

·       Definition : Greeting Cards is a text in the form of greeting cards are given to a person at a particular moment / experience a particular event, good event exciting and sad event.

·       Generic structure :

a.    Congratulation Expression.

b.    Quotes ( What we saying or wish). 

c.    Picture.

·       Spesific character :

a.    a clear purpose.

b.    Use an appraisal diction.

c.    Accurate addressee.

·       Purpose : the purpose of greeting card is to congratulate / to wish and To show sympathy.

·       Example :

Aska’s congrats ! your sixth novel has finally been published. I’ve already bought a copy. The story is amazing. I am really proud of you, Aska. Keep writing !

3. Short Message

 

·       Definition : Short message Massages are made because we can not meet in person on the recipients.

·       Generic structure :

a.    Name of sender.

b.    Reicever.

c.    Number.

·       Spesific character :

a.    Clear addressee (someone who receives the message).

b.    Straight forward.

c.    If it is an instruction state it clearly.

·       Purpose : To inform someone about something and to remaind someone.

·       Example :

Derry, may i ask you a favour, please ? could you please collect my paperwork for Mrs. Yustina? Today is the due date.        By the way, i can’t attend class today, because i’ve caught a fever. I also vomited many times last night. I am seeing a doctor now. That’s why, i entrust the paper with my elder sister. Thank’s Derry. Farah

4. Invitation

·       Definition: Invitation is a text containing an invitation to an event for someone to come.

·       Generic structure:

1.        Title or type of event: including the purpose or type of event will be held.

2.       Orientation: inform about what will or who will come.

3.       Date and time: including when or where the event will be held.

4.       Closing: including hope of the writer to the reader to come to his/ her event.

·       Specific text:

1.        Using simple future tense.

2.        Including detail time, date, and place of event.

·       Purpose: the purpose of invitation is to invite someone to come to some event.

·       Example:

Come and Join :                                           5K Run Start and finish : the city square Date : Saturday, 3th Febuary  2013 Time : 6.p.m. Fee : Rp. 30.000,00 (including snack, T-shirt, and voucher). There are many door prizes to be won : branded T-shirt, wathces, modems, smart phones, and cash. Grand prize : 2 motorcycle. Registrations : ·       Moon light 100,7 FM Radio ·       Restu Sports Shop ·       Megah Phone Market               NOT LATER 27th June 2013 !                   Join now and win prizes.

5. Announcement

·       Definition: Announcement is a text of meaningful notice of facts, events, or intentions.

 

·       Generic structure:

1.        Title or type of event: tell the purpose of event in announcement.

2.       Date and place: tell the place or date of announcement.

3.       Who to contact: tell who to contact for more information.

 

·       Specific text:

1.        Including permission or giving a sorry.

2.        Using present future or past tense.

3.       Using to inform people.

 

·       Purpose: the purpose of announcement is to information us what has happened or what will happen.

 

·       Example :

Dear teachers, You’re invite to the meeting : Day / Date : Saturday, 2nd february 2013 Time           : 1 p.m Place           : teacher’s office Agenda       : the report of the study tour For the committee, please remember to prepare the financial report.   Jackie Smith The Principal

 

  6. Descriptive text

·       Definition: descriptive text is a text that describes what kind of person or an object described.

·       Generic structure:

1.    Identification: part of paragraph to  introduce the text.

2.     Description: part of paragraph to describe the character.

·       Specific text:

1.     Using Simple Present Tense.

2.    Using action verb.

3.    Using adverb.

·       Purpose: the purpose of descriptive text is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

·       Example :

                                                       The Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889, it has become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The tower is the tallest building in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; millions of people ascend it every year. Named for its designer, engineer Gustave Eiffel, the tower was built as the entrance arch to the 1889 World’s Fair.

The tower stands 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-story building. Upon its completion, it surpassed the Washington Monument to assume the title of tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years, until the Chrysler Building in New York City was built in 1930; however, due to the addition in 1957 of the antenna, the tower is now taller than the Chrysler Building. Not including broadcast antennas, it is the second-tallest structure in France after the 2004 Millau Viaduct.

The tower has three levels for visitors. Tickets can be purchased to ascend, by stairs or lift, to the first and second levels. The walk to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the second level. The third and highest level is accessible only by elevator. Both the first and second levels feature restaurants.

The tower has become the most prominent symbol of both Paris and France, often in the establishing shot of films set in the city.

7. Recount text

·       Definition: recount text is a text which retells events or experiences the writer in the past.

·       Generic structure:

1.    Orientation: provides setting and participant.

2.    Events: tells the sequence of events.

3.    Re-orientation:  the closure of the story.

·       Specific text:

1.    Using Past Tense.

2.    Using action verb.

3.    Using conjuction such as: then, before, after.

4.    Usually started by adverb of time.

·       Kind of recount text :

-     Biography.

-     Personal experience.

-     Imaginative experience.

·       Purpose: the purpose of recount text is to informing the reader about past events the writer.

·       Example :

A Visit to My Grandparent’s Hous

Last holiday, i and my family visited to my grandparent’s house, Cilacap, Central Java.

I and my family got up at 3 a.m. then, i took a bath, good dressed and got ready to go by bus. The bus left Kalideres at about 5 a.m. At 12 p.m, the bus stopped in the restaurant for lunch.

After lunch, the bus continued on up until the goal. I and my family arrived in the grandparent’s house at 4 p.m. When arrived in the grandparent’s house, i and my family shake hands.

On first day, i swept the floor. After that, i helped my mother cooked in the kitchen. When the food was ready, we served it in the dining room. After that, we had breakfast. After our breakfast, we went to my uncle’s and aunt’s house that wasn’t not far from my grandparent’s house. We were there for to met each other and talking a lot.

After that, we came home to my grandparent’s. When i got home my grandparent’s, we had lunch. In the evening, we just had talked. I saw my parents very happy to be together with tis moment. It was 10 p.m. I and my family should slept now because tomorrow, we would left to the grandparent’s house.

This was a very long day but i enjoyed it a lot.

8. Procedure text

·       Definition: Procedure text is a text to explain how to make or do something.

·       Generic structure:

1.     Goal: The final purpose of doing the instruction.

2.    Material/ Ingredients: Ingredients to do the instruction.

3.    Tools:What you use to make it.

4.    Steps: A step of instructions of achieve the final purpose.

5.    Frame: Who is more detailed instructions.

6.    Covering: Presentation or completions of the final result.

·       Specific text:

1.     Using simple present tense.

2.    Using imperrative.

3.    Using action verbs.

·       Purpose: the purpose of procedure text is to presentation how to make or do something.

·       Example :

How to cook rice

You will need two cups of water, a cup of rice, salt and a pan with a lid. First, wash the rice in cold water. Then, put the rice in the pan and add the water and the salt. Next, you heat the pan without the lid on until the water boils. When it has boiled, turn down the heat, put the lid on and cook it for about fifteen minutes.

9. Narrative text

·       Definition: Narrative text is a text to amuse the readers about the imaginary story it can be a fable, legent, myth, and many more.

·       Generic structure:

1.  Orientation: is an introduction to the characters in the story, what happened, where  and when the events occurred.

2.   Complication: is the problem among the characters.

3.  Resolution: is the problem can be solved.

4.  Re-orientation: is closing statement.

·       Specific text:

1.  Using past event.

2.  Usually started by adverb of time.

3.  Using conjuction such as: then, before, etc.

·       Purpose: the purpose of narrative text is to entertain or amuse the reader.

·       Example :

                              The Bear and Rabbit

       Once upon a time, there lived a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit is a good shot. In contrary, the bear is always clumsy and could not use the arrow.
       One day, the bear called over the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows.
       The rabbit was fearing to arouse the bear's anger so he could not refuse it. He went with the bear and shot enough buffalo to satisfy the hungry family. Indeed he shot and killed so many that there were lots of meats left after.
        However the bear did not want the rabbit to get any of the meat. The rabbit could not even taste the meat. The poor rabbit would have to go home hungry after his hard day's work.
        The bear was the father of five children. Fortunately, the youngest child was very kind to the rabbit. He was very hearty eater. The mother bear always gave him an extra large piece of meat but the youngest child did not eat it. He would take it outside with him and pretended to play ball with the meat. He kicked toward the rabbit's house.

     When he got close to the door he would give the meat with such a great kick. The meat would fly into the rabbit's house. In this way, the poor rabbit would get his meal.

 

  10. Labels

·       Definition : A label is a piece of paper, polymer, cloth, metal, or other material affixed to a container or article, on which is printed a legend, information concerning the product, addresses, etc.

·       Generic structure :

a.    Exellence of products,

b.    Usege instructions,

c.    Product composition, and

d.    Indications.

·       Purpose : To give detailed information about product.

·       Example :

POP 1000 HEALTHY DRINK Vitamin Lemon Healthy and Fresh Under license by wellness Food Indonesia In a bottle (140 ml) contains : Vitamin C                      100 mg Energy                            65 cal Protein                              0  g Fat                                       0  g Carbohydrate               16 g Sugar                                  6 g Natrium                          99 g Vitamin B 1                   1.0 g Vitamin E                      2.3 g Niacin                             2.3 g

  11. Report text

·       Definition: report text is a text to report all tragedy or somethings everyday.

·       Generic structure:

1.  General classification: a part to identificated the title.

2.  Description: a part to describe text.

·       Specific text:

1.  Using present tense.

2.  Describe the subject.

·       Purpose: the purpose of report text is to information something.

·       Example:

"Elephant"

An elephant is the largest and strongest of all animals. It is a strange looking animal which it has thick legs, huge sides and backs, large hanging ears, a small tail, little eyes, long white tusks and above all, elephant has a long nose, the trunk. An elephant is commonly seen in a zoo, it has hard found in it natural habitat. The trunk is the elephant's peculiar feature. This trunk has various usages. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt the water all over its body like a shower bath. The elephant's trunk also lift leaves and put them into its mouth. In fact, the trunk serves the elephant as long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy and heavy and yet an elephant can move very quickly. The elephant is very intelligent animal. Its intelligence combined with its great strength makes an elephant a very useful servant to man. Elephant can be trained to serve in various ways such as carry heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight. An elephant is really a smart animal.

12. Advertisement

 

·       Definition: Advertisement is a public announcement in a newspaper, television, or internet advertising something such as a product for sale, services offered or an event.

·       Generic structure:

1.     Purpose: purpose built of the advertisement.

2.     Name of product: product names in advertising.

3.    User: user of the product.

·       Specific text:

1.  Advertisement is usually installed in the mass media, or electronic media, or in public places.

2.  Forms of advertising like advertising goods or a service jobs.

·       Purpose: the purpose of advertisement is to make interesting somethings for to buy someone.

·       Example :

the most spectacular show this new year Roda Band in Concert Taruna Square Saturday, 26th January 2013 2 p.m.   For ticket reservation : Donna    (081289456712)

13. Letter 

·       Definition: letter is a text to send to someone and tell about something from writer.

·       Generic structure:

1.  Place and date (address of the sender): Place and date production of the letter.

2.  Opening greeting: Greeting opening of the letter.

3.  Opening: Opening of the letter.

4.  Contain: Content of the letter.

5.   Closing: Closing of the letter.

6.  Closing greeting: Greeting closing of the letter.

7.  Sign: Signature of the sender.

8.  Name of sender: Name who writes the letter.

·       Specific text:

1.    Using past or present tense .

2.    Including information for reader..

3.    Always send in the mail with stamp.

·       Purpose: the purpose of letter is to communication to someone.

·       Example :

16th April 2013 Dear Joanne,       How are you, Joanne ? it has been a long time since we last met, at the basketball competition. I hope everything is fine with you. I remember the good old days when we were still at junior high school. We supported our basketball team although it finally lost in the semifinal. That didn’t sadden us because we knew that our team had done their best.       You know, Joanne, i’m a basketball player at my school. My team just won the interschool basketball championship yesterday. My friends supported my team enthusiastically and we’re paid them with a gold medal. If you were there yesterday, my day would have been merrier.       Well, taht’s the news for now. I hope to hear from you soon. Cheers,   Levin

 

    semoga bermanfaat :)